One of the major lines of work within Rockefeller Foundation's Food Security Program is restoring and improving the fertility of soils in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The objective of the Soil Fertility Management Program is to recover and enhance the capacity of soils in SSA to grow healthy and more productive crops by increasing the soil’s potential to supply plants with adequate water and nutrients and minimize the impact of soil pathogens. Central to the strategy is an integrated nutrient management approach, with sound combinations of inorganic and organic inputs. Using various combinations of legume rotations, ground covers, green manures, animal manure, and other locally available resources, plus adequate, affordable amounts of fertilizers, it is possible, over time, to improve soil fertility and thereby increase the yield potential of soils in Africa, even without little purchased inputs.